The Infona portal uses cookies, i.e. strings of text saved by a browser on the user's device. The portal can access those files and use them to remember the user's data, such as their chosen settings (screen view, interface language, etc.), or their login data. By using the Infona portal the user accepts automatic saving and using this information for portal operation purposes. More information on the subject can be found in the Privacy Policy and Terms of Service. By closing this window the user confirms that they have read the information on cookie usage, and they accept the privacy policy and the way cookies are used by the portal. You can change the cookie settings in your browser.
In vivo, human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) infection reveals several unique characteristics when compared to HIV-1 infection, the most remarkable of which is the extraordinarily long asymptomatic period. Here we describe two HIV-2 primary isolates, obtained from asymptomatic individuals, which do not infect any coreceptor-expressing cell lines tested. In those cells, we show that the absence...
A class of disulfide constrained peptides containing a core motif FPWG was identified from a screen of phage displayed library using the HCV RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (NS5B) as a bait. Surface plasmon resonance studies showed that three highly purified synthetic constrained peptides bound to immobilized NS5B with estimated K d values ranging from 30 to 60 μM. In addition, these peptides...
Binding of coat protein (CP) to the 3' nontranslated region (3'-NTR) of viral RNAs is a crucial requirement to establish the infection of Alfamo- and Ilarviruses. In vitro binding properties of the Prunus necrotic ringspot ilarvirus (PNRSV) CP to the 3'-NTR of its genomic RNA using purified E. coli- expressed CP and different synthetic peptides corresponding to a 26-residue sequence near the N-terminus...
The inner domain of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) gp120 glycoprotein has been proposed to mediate the noncovalent interaction with the gp41 transmembrane envelope glycoprotein. We used mutagenesis to investigate the functional importance of a conserved β-sandwich located within the gp120 inner domain. Changes in aliphatic residues lining a hydrophobic groove on the surface of the β-sandwich...
Aichi virus is a member of the family Picornaviridae. Computer-assisted secondary structure prediction suggested the formation of three stem-loop structures (SL-A, SL-B, and SL-C from the 5' end) within the 5'-end 120 nucleotides of the genome. We have already shown that the most 5'-end stem-loop, SL-A, is critical for viral RNA replication. Here, using an infectious cDNA clone and a replicon harboring...
The pathway by which rotavirus is released from the cell is poorly understood but recent work has shown that, prior to cell lysis, rotavirus is released almost exclusively from the apical surface of the infected cell. By virtue of their unique biochemical and physical properties, viruses have exploited lipid rafts for host cell entry and/or assembly. Here we characterized the association of rhesus...
The rotavirus nonstructural protein NSP2 self-assembles into stable octameric structures that possess nonspecific affinity for single-stranded (ss)RNA and RNA-RNA helix-destabilizing and NTPase activities. Furthermore, NSP2 is a component of replication intermediates with replicase activity and plays a critical role in the packaging and replication of the segmented dsRNA genome of rotavirus. To better...
Intermolecular recombination is the foundation for dual vector mediated larger gene transfer by recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV). To identify precursors for intermolecular recombination, we sequentially infected skeletal muscle with AAV LacZ trans-splicing viruses. At 1 month postinfection, nearly all inputting single-strand (ss) AAV genomes were cleared out in muscle. If ss-ss interaction...
Systemically administered DNA encoding a recombinant human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) derived immunogen effectively primes a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response in macaques. In this further pilot study we have evaluated mucosal delivery of DNA as an alternative priming strategy. Plasmid DNA, pTH.HW, encoding a multi-CTL epitope gene, was incorporated into poly(d,l-lactic-co-glycolic acid) microparticles...
Cell culture-based transdominant genetic techniques provide new methods for discovering peptide/RNA modulators of cellular pathways. We applied this technology to isolate a peptide inhibitor of human rhinovirus. A green fluorescent protein (GFP)-scaffolded library of cDNA fragments was expressed in HeLa cells from a retroviral vector and screened for inhibitors of rhinovirus-mediated cell killing...
SHIVsbg, expressing Vpu, Tat, Rev, and Env proteins of HIV-1 Lai, was shown to be infectious for rhesus macaques. In this study, we mutated SHIVsbg Nef amino acids 17-18 from RQ to YE, conferring to SHIVsbg-YE the ability to replicate in vitro in unstimulated macaque PBMC. Juvenile macaques inoculated intravenously or orally with SHIVsbg-YE developed persistent infection. All macaques lost weight...
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection of HeLa cells induces fusion, but transient expression of the three viral glycoproteins induces fusion poorly, if at all. We found that neuraminidase treatment of RSV-infected cells to remove sialic acid (SA) increases fusion dramatically and that the same treatment of transiently transfected cells expressing the three viral glycoproteins, or even cells...
We have established an in vitro replication system for bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), a surrogate for the closely-related hepatitis C virus. In an in vitro reaction, BVDV replication complexes synthesize vRNA and replicative form (RF) and replicative intermediate (RI) RNAs. Kinetic and heparin trapping experiments demonstrate the recycling of RF and RI products and the initiation of vRNA synthesis...
Recombinants of Moloney murine leukemia virus (MoMuLV) with either an amphotropic (MoAmphoV) or 10A1-tropic host range (Mo10A1V) induce a spongiform neurodegenerative disease in susceptible mice. To test whether MoMuLV -derived sequences are required for induction of neuropathology, mice were inoculated with either the original 10A1 or the amphotropic (4070A) MuLV isolate. Strikingly, wild-type 10A1...
We have monitored kinetics of peripheral blood Interleukin (IL)-18 level, viral RNA load, and CD4 + T cell counts in cynomolgus and rhesus macaques following infections of various simian/human immunodeficiency viruses (SHIVs) causing differential pathogenicity. Infections of cynomolgus and rhesus macaques with pathogenic SHIVs-C2/1 and -89.6PD, respectively, induced high levels of plasma IL-18...
Replication of human influenza A/H3N2 and A/H1N1 viruses was studied in human CACO-2 cells, a continuous line of intestinal epithelial differentiated cells. Hemagglutinin (HA) was cleaved in these cells by an endogenous protease. Thus, infectious virus was produced that underwent multiple cycle replication and plaque formation in the absence of trypsin added to the media. Cleavage of de novo-synthesized...
The antibody response in serum and the reproductive tract of female rabbits to a model antigen, influenza virus haemagglutinin (HA), encoded by a recombinant myxoma virus was investigated. Strong and lasting IgG antibody responses to HA were induced in serum following intradermal, intranasal, and intravaginal immunisations. HA IgG was also detected in reproductive tract fluids but was only about 1%...
Based on the observation that an internally located 3' promoter sequence can be functional (R. Flick and G. Hobom, Virology, 1999, 262(1), 93-103), we generated transfectant influenza A viruses harboring a dicistronic segment containing the CAT gene (660 nt) or a fragment of the Mengo virus VP0 capsid gene (306 nt) under the control of a duplicated 3' promoter sequence. Despite slightly reduced NA...
The human subgroup C adenovirus (Ad) protein named adenovirus death protein (ADP) (previously named E3-11.6K) is synthesized at very late stages of infection when it mediates efficient lysis of cells and release of adenovirus to infect other cells. ADP is an integral membrane N-linked, O-linked palmitoylated glycoprotein of 101 amino acids (aa) that localizes to the nuclear membrane, endoplasmic reticulum...
To assemble into a virus with icosahedral symmetry, capsid proteins must be able to attain multiple conformations. Whether this conformational diversity is achieved during folding of the subunit, or subsequently during assembly, is not clear. Phage P22 coat protein offers an ideal model to investigate the folding of a monomeric capsid subunit since its folding is independent of assembly. Our early...
Set the date range to filter the displayed results. You can set a starting date, ending date or both. You can enter the dates manually or choose them from the calendar.